Rework – 37signals (Summary)

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(Ed: You can now find more detailed notes about “Rework” in The Vault)
 

Rework shows you a better, faster, easier way to succeed in business. Read it and you’ll know why plans are actually harmful, why you don’t need outside investors, and why you’re better off ignoring the competition. The truth is, you need less than you think. You don’t need to be a workaholic. You don’t need to staff up. You don’t need to waste time on paperwork or meetings. You don’t even need an office. Those are all just excuses.

What you really need to do is stop talking and start working. This book shows you the way. You’ll learn how to be more productive, how to get exposure without breaking the bank, and tons more counterintuitive ideas that will inspire and provoke you.

-Amazon.com description (excerpt)
 

The “real world” that most people talk about when shooting down ambitious ideas isn’t a place, it’s an excuse.

When facing a difficult, overwhelming idea, ask yourself: “What can I do right now that’s good enough?” Not only does this inspire immediate action, it gets the ball rolling for you to do the bigger thing later on.

The common problem that all the idiots have on “Kitchen Nightmares” is that there’s just too much stuff on their menus. When overhauling their restaurants, Gordon Ramsey always starts by cutting back.

People use equipment as a crutch. But give Tiger Woods some old clubs and he’ll still crush you.

Put out the necessities now, add the luxuries later.

The best way to make something great is through iterations. Stop theorizing about what will work. Find out now.

If we can’t accurately estimate projects that take 2 hours, how can we estimate projects that might take a year? The longer the project, the more magnified that planning errors become.

There’s no such thing as a marketing division, because everything you do has to do with marketing.

A great way to gain support is to position yourself as the anti-(business/industry).

Focusing on the competition makes you more reactionary than visionary.

“If I had listened to my customers, I would’ve gotten them a faster horse.” -Henry Ford

Listen to feedback from your customers, but don’t write it down. If it’s really important, it’ll keep coming up and you won’t be able to forget it.

Don’t hire someone if you don’t need them, no matter how good they appear.

If employees are forced to constantly ask for permission, it creates a culture of non-thinking.

Don’t scar on the first cut. Don’t create a policy because someone did something wrong once.

Inspiration has an expiry date. SEIZE IT.

Blog Editing Clarifications

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I’m very critical of my own work. If I notice a phrase that could be worded better, think of a cool idea that could be implemented, or, God forbid, spot a spelling error (!!!), I am compelled by my conscious to hit the Edit button.

Therefore, from time to time you may notice minor differences in posts you’ve already read. Don’t worry, you’re not crazy…I hope.

This leads me to my main announcement: all entries will feature a brief introduction describing what the book is about before I proceed with my notes about it. This will be done retroactively as well, so expect to see some stuff you didn’t see before. But don’t worry, you’re still not crazy…right?

(edit: See, I even edited the title of this post after the fact!)

The Fountainhead – Ayn Rand (Part 1)

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“Independence is the only gauge of human virtue and value. What a man is and makes of himself; not what he has or hasn’t done for others. There is no substitute for personal dignity.” -Howard Roark (681)

“Love is reverence, and worship, and glory, and the upward glance. Not a bandage for dirty sores. But they don’t know it. Those who speak of love most promiscuously are the ones who’ve never felt it. They make some sort of feeble stew out of sympathy, compassion, contempt and general indifference, and they call it love. Once you’ve felt what it means to love as you and I know it–the total passion for the total height–you’re incapable of anything less.” -Dominique Francon

“A man braver than his brothers insults them by implication.” -Ellsworth Toohey, socialist advocate, main antagonist of the novel

“You know that I hate you, Roark. I hate you for what you are, for wanting you, for having to want you. I’m going to fight you-and I’m going to destroy you-and I tell you this as calmly as I told you that I’m a begging animal. I’m going to pray that you can’t be destroyed-I tell you this, too-even though I believe in nothing and have nothing to pray to. But I will fight to block every step you take. I will fight to tear every chance you want away from you. I will hurt you through the only thing that can hurt you-through your work. I will fight to starve you, to strangle you on the things you won’t be able to reach. I have done it to you to today-and that is why I shall sleep with you tonight.” Dominique Francon, to Howard Roark (272-3)

“It’s so graceless being a martyr. It’s honoring your adversaries too much.” -Dominique Francon

Adapt – Tim Harford

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“In this groundbreaking book, Tim Harford, the Undercover Economist, shows us a new and inspiring approach to solving the most pressing problems in our lives. When faced with complex situations, we have all become accustomed to looking to our leaders to set out a plan of action and blaze a path to success. Harford argues that today’s challenges simply cannot be tackled with ready-made solutions and expert opinion; the world has become far too unpredictable and profoundly complex. Instead, we must adapt.”

-Amazon.com description

 

The failure of communist Russia was “a pathological inability to experiment.”

Companies need to de-centralize if they want to innovate. This way, there will be a wider variation of ideas among all the branches.

“Accepting trial and error means accepting error.”

Hierarchies can become a series of wastebaskets, keeping feedback from reaching the top.

“It is not enough to accept dissent, sometimes you must demand dissent.”

We can’t really estimate the ROI of big risks because the payoffs could be enormous (ie: The Spitfire, an experimental fighter-jet project, essentially stopped Nazi Germany from taking over Britain and winning WW2.)

“Uncertainty is an argument for action rather than inaction.”

“Success is defined as the number of experiments that can be conducted within 24 hours.”

“We compound our losses by trying to compensate for them.”

Healthy self-doubt mindset: “I am not a failure. But I have made a mistake.”

The Prince – Niccolò Machiavelli

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“Machiavelli made his name notorious for centuries with The Prince, his clever and cynical work about power relationships. The key themes of this influential, and ever timely, writer are that adaptability is the key to success and that effective leadership is sometimes only possible at the expense of moral standards.”

-Amazon.com description

 

“But a blunder ought never to be perpetrated to avoid war because war is not to be avoided but to be deferred at your own disadvantage.

“Benefits ought to be conceded gradually, so that the flavor of them may last longer.”

“If the necessity for change comes in troubled times, it is too late for harsh measures and mild measures will not work because they will be seen as being forced out of you, and therefore, others will not be obliged to obey.”

“Men, when they receive kindness from those whom they were expecting the worst, feel more closely bound to their benefactor.”

“Men are always adverse to tackling things where difficulties are evident.”

“Nothing can be so uncertain or unstable as fame or power not based on its own strength”

The Way of the Superior Man – David Deida

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David Deida’s “The Way of the Superior Man” is one of the most inspiring books in recent history. It has a very simple message underneath all of the dressing, but god damn, that is some delicious dressing. Deida’s use of descriptive language is so outstanding it’s almost over-the-top sometimes. Nonetheless, it is a powerful book for men and all those who love men.

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“Spending at least an hour giving your fullest gift, whatever that is for today, will allow you to go to sleep tonight knowing that you couldn’t have lived your day with more courage, creativity, and giving.”

“Feel what you want to give most as a gift, to your woman and to the world, and do what you can to give it today. Every moment waited is a moment wasted, and each wasted moment degrades your clarity of purpose.”

“The best way to deal with woman and world is to “fuck” both to smithereens, to ravish them with your love unsheathed, to give your true gifts despite the constant tussle of woman and world, to smelt your authentic gifts in this friction of opposition and surrender, to thrust love from the freedom of your deep being even as your body and mind die blissfully through a crucifixion of inevitable pleasure and pain, attraction and repulsion, gain and loss. No gifts left ungiven. No limit to the depth of being. Only openness, freedom, and love as the legacy of your intercourse with woman and world.”

“If you are going to tryst with woman and world at all, better to go all the way and ravish them from the depths of your true core, blooming them open with the wide gifts of your unrelenting heart. Otherwise, if you sheepishly penetrate them to gratify your own needs, your woman and the world will feel your lack of dedication, depth, and truth. Rather than yielding in love to your loving they will distract you, suck your energy, and draw you into endless complications, so that your life and relationship become an almost constant search for release from constraint.”

“When a man sees a beautiful woman it is natural for him to feel energy in his body, which he usually interprets as sexual desire. Rather than dispersing this energy in mental fantasy, a man should learn to circulate his heightened energy. He should:

      breate fully, circulating the energy fully throughout the body

 

    treat his heightened energy as a gift which could heal and rejuvenate his body, and, through his service, heal the world

“Through these means, his desire is converted into fullness of heart. His lust is converted into service. His desire is converted not by denying sexual attraction, but by enjoying it fully, circulating it through his body (without allowing it to stagnate as mental fantasy), and returning it to the world, from his heart.”

“A superior man circulates the energy of arousal throughout his body, taking particular care not to let it stagnate in swollen fantasies or appendages.”

“If you are a man, you have probably found yourself inspired at some time or another by a woman. Such inspiration is usually temporary, because most men don’t know how to cultivate their relationship to the feminine. They tend to be inspired, and then spurt it out, through spasms of thought and ejaculation. They then seek inspiration again, through more women, or through other feminine sources, such as alcohol, drugs, or nature.”

“But if you can learn to discipline your habits of building up and releasing mental and sexual tension, you can continually cultivate and magnify your inspiration. You can wean yourself from the addictive cycles of sexuality and intoxication. You can make use of the native force of sexual desire, for your woman and for other women, and convert your tendency toward fantasy and lust into the force of inspiration.”

“Feel lust. Feel what it really is, in its totality. Your lust reveals your real desire.”

“Almost everything you do, you do because you are afraid to die. And yet dying is exactly what you’re doing. Two hours of absorption in a good football telecast may distract you temporarily, but the fact remains. You can either participate in (life), dissolving in the giving of your gift, or you can resist it, which is your suffering.”

“The other means, besides austerity, for rediscovering your masculine core is through challenge.”

Superficial:

  • mountain climbing
  • ropes courses
  • competitive sports
  • “boot camp”

Deep (directly giving your gift in ways that have been blocked by your fear):

  • public speaking (make a commitment to do it once a week for 3 months)
  • writing the novel you’ve always wanted to (money game – pay $100 for each week you don’t finish a chapter)
  • approaching women

“Challenge yourself by going out in the middle of the woods, by yourself, with only survival necessities. Fast from food and don’t sleep for as long as possible. Open yourself and wait. Do not cover your suffering. Do not quit before you fall through the hole of your fear and emerge with a vision of your true mission, the unique form of your living sacrifice.”

“A useful, more common form of this is spending 10 minutes every day in solitude, with no distractions. No fidgeting, no channel surfing, nothing. Just be, exactly as you are, not trying to change anything. Stay with your suffering, until you fall through it and intuit the groundless source of your life.”

“Fearlessness, or the capacity to transcend the fear of death for the sake of love, is a quintessential form of the ultimate masculine gift.”

“Dedicate yourself to incarnating love on this earth and do so as a free man, bound neither by outer convention nor inner cowardice.”

“Use aids to support your relaxation into, and creation from, your core source. Read books that remind you of who you are, in truth. Spend time with people who inspire you and reflect the source to you.”

“If you go with someone’s suggestion even when deep in your heart you feel that another decision is more wise, you are, in effect, saying, ‘I don’t trust my own wisdom.’

Decision-making mindset: “My deepest wisdom is leading me to this decision. If I am wrong, I will learn from it, and my wisdom will have deepened. I’m willing to be wrong, and grow from it. I trust this process of acting from my deepest wisdom.”

“Most men hold back their true drive because of doubts, uncertainties, and fear so they diddle their woman and the world just enough to extract the pleasure and comfort they need to assuage their nagging sense of falsity and incompleteness.”

“Once you are willing to discover and embrace your truth, lean through your fears, and give everything you’ve got, you can press yourself into the world with such enduring life that the world opens and receives your deepest gifts.”

“The core of life is your purpose. Everything in your life, from your diet to your career, must be aligned with your purpose if you are to act with coherence and integrity in the world. If you know your purpose, your deepest desire, then the secret of success is to discipline your life so that you support your deepest purpose and minimize distractions and detours.”

“The superior man is not seeking fulfillment through work and woman, because he is already full. For him, work and intimacy are opporitunities to give his gifts, and be vanished in the bliss of giving.”

“The test of your fullness in every moment is your capacity to die in true and loving surrender, knowing you’ve done everything you could do while alive to give your gift and know the truth of being.”

“Have you devoted yourself to finding out the deepest truth of your own existence? If, in this very moment, your tasks are not supporting your life in this way, you must drop them or change them so that they do. Otherwise, you are wasting your life.”

“Of course she knows how much success means to you. This is precisely why she will negate it. Not because she wants to hurt you. But because she wants to feel Shiva. She wants to feel your strength. She wants to feel that your happiness is not dependent on her response, nor on you achieving some little success. She wants to feel you are a superior man.”

Drive – Daniel Pink

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“According to Pink (A Whole New Mind), everything we think we know about what motivates us is wrong. He pits the latest scientific discoveries about the mind against the outmoded wisdom that claims people can only be motivated by the hope of gain and the fear of loss. Pink cites a dizzying number of studies revealing that carrot and stick can actually significantly reduce the ability of workers to produce creative solutions to problems. What motivates us once our basic survival needs are met is the ability to grow and develop, to realize our fullest potential.”

-Amazon.com description

 

RSA Animate:

 

“When money is used as an external reward for some activity, subjects lose intrinsic interest in the activity.”

Human beings have an “inherent tendency to seek out novelty and challenges, to extend and exercise their capacities, to explore, and to learn.” But this third drive is more fragile than the other two; it needs the right environment to survive.

“An algorithmic task is one in which you follow a set of established instructions down a single pathway to one conclusion. That is, there’s an algorithm for solving it. A heuristic task is the opposite. Precisely because no algorithm exists for it, you have to experiment with possibilities and devise a novel solution.”

“The consulting firm McKinsey & Co. estimates that in the United States, only 30 percent of job growth now comes from algorithmic work, while 70 percent comes from heuristic work. A key reason: Routine work can be outsourced or automated; artistic, empathic, nonroutine work generally cannot.”

“External rewards and punishments—both carrots and sticks—can work nicely for algorithmic tasks. But they can be devastating for heuristic ones.”

Stuff like salary, etc., are called “baseline rewards” and are mandatory, otherwise they’ll just focus on the unfairness of their situation and they won’t be extrinsically or intrinsically motivated.

“Rewards can perform a weird sort of behavioral alchemy: They can transform an interesting task into a drudge.”

Functional fixedness = seeing an object in a certain problem as only having one function, instead of thinking outside the box and seeing that the object can have many functions.

When your only motivation is intrinsic motivation, you’ll always reach your goal via ethical means. Extrinsic rewards encourage people to take shortcuts and act unethically (ie: sales quotas for Sears car repair people, Enron)

“Using extrinsic rewards can cause the presence of such an award seem like the status quo, thus requiring larger awards to be offered to achieve the same effect. In this way, this phenomenon resembles addiction.”

“The very presence of goals may lead employees to focus myopically on short-term gains and to lose sight of the potential devastating long-term effects on the organization.”

CARROTS AND STICKS: The Seven Deadly Flaws
1. They can extinguish intrinsic motivation.
2. They can diminish performance.
3. They can crush creativity.
4. They can crowd out good behavior.
5. They can encourage cheating, shortcuts, and unethical behavior.
6. They can become addictive.
7. They can foster short-term thinking.